What are the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches (天干地支)?
A Bazi (八字) chart is written in two sets of characters: the Ten Heavenly Stems (天干) and the Twelve Earthly Branches (地支). Your Four Pillars pair one stem with one branch each — eight characters in total, which is exactly what the name Bazi, "Eight Characters," means.
The stems carry the five elements in their yin and yang forms; the branches carry the elements plus the twelve zodiac animals. Together they encode your birth time into a pattern the Ten Souls (十神) are then read from.
Stems, branches, and the sexagenary cycle
The ten stems are 甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸; the twelve branches are 子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉戌亥. Pairing them produces the 60-combination sexagenary cycle (六十甲子), the ancient calendar that anchors every Bazi chart.
| Stem | Element | Polarity |
|---|---|---|
| 甲 (Jia) | Wood | Yang |
| 乙 (Yi) | Wood | Yin |
| 丙 (Bing) | Fire | Yang |
| 丁 (Ding) | Fire | Yin |
| 戊 (Wu) | Earth | Yang |
| 己 (Ji) | Earth | Yin |
| 庚 (Geng) | Metal | Yang |
| 辛 (Xin) | Metal | Yin |
| 壬 (Ren) | Water | Yang |
| 癸 (Gui) | Water | Yin |
Frequently asked
Four pillars — year, month, day, hour — each made of one stem and one branch, gives eight characters total.
No. DecaSoul computes them for you automatically from your birth time — you only need to read the result.
See which of the ten Souls you are.
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